Complex Trauma Surgeries Trauma and Orthopedics is an area of surgery concerned with injuries and conditions that affect the musculoskeletal system (the bones, joints, ligaments, tendons, muscles and nerves). Conditions which leads to trauma surgeries are, when there is an injury such as bone fracture, a deformity of the spine or limbs, etc. Orthopaedic surgeons and specialists treat people of all ages, including: –  Newborns and children with deformities – such as congenital dislocation of the hip, club foot and scoliosis.  Young people who need joint preserving surgery – such as arthroscopic surgery or osteotomy.  Older people with irreversible degenerative joint problems – who need their joints replacing. During treatment, the surgeons may do or recommend for the following: –  diagnose injuries or disorders using X-rays, blood tests or other tests  treat injuries or conditions with medication or surgery  recommend exercises or physiotherapy to restore movement, strength and functionality Orthopaedic operations  repairing fractured bones  Arthroscopy – a minimally invasive (keyhole) technique, where tools are inserted into a joint to diagnose and repair damaged joint tissue, such as cartilage damage.  repairing damaged muscles, torn tendons or torn ligaments  arthroplasty – surgery used to replace or resurface joints, usually because of arthritis; hip replacements and knee replacements are two widely used and highly effective operations.  Surgery to correct bony deformity – procedures to correct deformities of the spine or limbs that either limit function or would cause long-term problems if left untreated. Examples are fusion surgery (where bones are welded together to heal into a single, solid bone) and osteotomy (correcting a bony misalignment to help prevent degeneration of an adjacent joint) Complex Trauma Surgery includes: – 1. Correction of common foot and ankle problems and complex deformities. 2. Hip joint and revision surgery, hip resurfacing, treatment of hip problems in young adults, treatment of sickle cell hip disease. 3. Treatment of acute knee injuries including sports injuries, ACL reconstruction, arthroscopic and joint replacement surgery and revisions. 4. Limb reconstruction, correction of deformities, limb lengthening and treatment of limb infections. 5. Paediatric orthopedics, including neonatal hip screening, treatment of club foot and other common limb problems, rapid-access physiotherapy clinic, correction of limb deformities and lengthening. 6. Shoulder, elbow, hand and wrist surgery.